Adair M. Adam Kurowski. Adam J. Adam L. Addie Saunders. Adelaide M. Adele Koskosky. Adolf M. Adolfo Linares. Adolph Molin. Adolph Gasser. Adolph Zorner.
Adolph L. Adolph T. Adolphus A. Adrian Van Bennekom. Adrian B. Adrian F. Adrian J. Adrienne Lowry. Agnes J. Agnes McKnight. Agnes Gnaedinger. Agnes Johnson Houser. Agnes M.
Al Hall. Al Brehm. Al Brown. Al Clark. Al Klaas. Al Bosworth. Al Popolato. Al Brockelman. Al D'Agostino. Alan Bell. Alan Haseman. Alan E. Alan McDonald. Alan A. Alan G. Alan N. Alan Nunn May. Alan U. Albert York. Albert Davis. Albert Ludwig. Albert Weigel. Albert Wilson. These scientists focused on nuclear fission as the means to make such a bomb. At the same time, German scientists were also working to develop such a weapon.
In the United States, physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer and General Leslie R. That is, the number of people who work at any given company today are not the number of people who have worked there over the course of its lifetime.
Obvious enough, but if one is wondering how many people did it take to make the atomic bomb , one wants to know the cumulative employment, not the number on hand at any one time, right?
Digging around a bit more in the aforementioned personnel statistics of the Manhattan Project a thrilling read, I assure you , I found this rather amazing graph of the total number of hires and terminations by the project:.
Now that number on the left, the total hires, is a pretty big one — over , total. Why would the numbers be at such odds? People left their jobs all the time, at all times during the war.
As the report indicates, the reasons and rates varied by site. More people, by percentage, complained about the living conditions at Oak Ridge than at Hanford.
For the operations at Oak Ridge, the turnover rate was 6. Jones Construction Co. The workers seem a little unimpressed. Of course, these numbers run through the entire tenure of the Manhattan Engineer District. When most people want to know how many people it took to make the bomb, they want to know up until August or so. Which, to put that in perspective, means that during World War II, approximately 0.
Which is pretty impressive. Which is not too different a number, actually — a bit less impressive than one might think if one is only comparing it to the peak of the Manhattan Project. The Soviets had around million people at the time, so it works out to be a pretty similar percentage of the total population as the American project.
This entry was posted on Friday, November 1st, at am and is filed under Redactions. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2. Both comments and pings are currently closed. Great post! The month-to-month turnover rate varied a lot over the course of the war. So rather than try to take that into effect, I just went with what looked like a smooth average, based in part on the idea that since the peak employment was well prior to the end of the war, the turnovers there would have added up to more raw numbers even if there was higher turnover percentage at the end of the war.
Some more very interesting research. I suspect that the turnover rates would be somewhat different for operations personnel probably lower than for construction workers, and that construction workers and most clerical workers as well would generally be less at risk for radiation-related exposures than operators.
Some job categories would be much more at risk than others. So there were people who, unbeknownst to them, were working on a fancy high-tech atomic energy project who died because they got run over by a cement truck, and things like that.
To underscore the challenges of working at Hanford, Rober Bubenzer who was a supervisor for Hanford plant production, commented in an interview in to S. Sanger how difficult life could be. And depression was quite a deal, and this was a big reason for people leaving there. Homesickness, too, it was a depressing sort of place. It was almost like being in prison. Wired in, barb wire.
Men separated from the women, even husbands and wives were separated sometimes. We had a number of nervous breakdowns of personnel. It was loneliness and depression and they hit the booze very hard. When he was elected chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission in , he used the position to campaign for the peaceful use of atomic energy, opposing further testing of nuclear weapons.
The Manhattan Project forever changed the global landscape. Since then, atomic energy has been a highly controversial topic, with countless organizations and governments attempting to suppress its widespread use and others aiming to capitalize on the military and industrial superiority that effectively applied nuclear technology can create. Many of the individuals involved in the Manhattan Project, including those listed above, have worked to regulate the devastatingly powerful technology by founding or joining councils, committees, and similar organizations determined to limit the weaponization of atomic energy.
Through its online programs, Norwich delivers relevant and applicable curricula that allow its students to make a positive impact on their places of work and their communities. The unique curriculum of the online Master of Arts in Military History program was developed by the distinguished faculty of Norwich University and guided by the goals outlined by the American Historical Association. Robert Oppenheimer , Biography. Leo Szilard , Atomic Heritage Foundation.
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August 1st,
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