Married couples were not allowed to live together because it was viewed as a sin. With all of this income from basically every person in society the Church was extremely well-off, and to keep the Church as wealthy as possible they did not have to pay any taxes.
It is said that The Church was wealthier than any king in the world during this time period, and they saved most of their money. However, the money that they did spend was on their structures such as churches or cathedrals. The actual structure of the Church was the center of all community activities.
People would perform plays and there were always markets held outside of the Church. The Church was viewed as having the answers to everything and anything that would happen, especially when something bad happened. If there was a bad storm or an outbreak of disease, the church was supposed to know why.
The language of the Church, Latin, was the only common language spoken in all of Europe. Anyone who did not know Latin would not be able to communicate. This just proves how important the Church truly was. They determined the language of an entire continent. The Church held entirely all of the power in medieval times, and was very well-respected.
Most scholars associate the start of the medieval period with the fall of the Roman Empire in AD. After the Romans withdrew, Germanic tribes invaded and spread their influence into England. Oral Poetry : There are not many recorded works from the Old English Period primarily because of the scarcity of people who were literate mostly limited to clergy members. Oral poetry mainly carried Christian themes since nothing was written down until there was heavy Christian influence we do not know if these religious undertones were part of the original work , and often centered on the adventures of great heroic figures.
It was passed down over generations, which caused it to be continuously changed with each retelling. We may never know many great works of oral poetry, however, it played a large role in impacting later written works. Early Middle English Period Germanic Heroic Poetry : It started out being performed orally in alliterative verse but was later written down by scholars or clergymen. Oftentimes it was used to describe current events, and touched on themes, which invoke the ancient code of honor that obliges a warrior to avenge his slain lord or die beside him.
They show the aristocratic heroic and kinship values of Germanic society that continued to inspire both clergy and laity. Anglo Saxon Literature: Elegy : It is typically mournful or sad. It can be in the form of a funeral song o a lament for the dead.
Middle English Literature: Romance, Courtly Romance : This was the most popular genre in the Middle English period; it had a particular story structure that depicted the integration, disintegration, and reintegration of a central hero. Usually the hero underwent a test or challenge that alienated them from society. It was the principal narrative genre for late medieval readers and centrally concerned with love but it developed ways of representing psychological interiority with great subtlety.
Though they began in France, their transition into English literature came about from simplified and translated versions of the original French works.
Often, Romances, whether written for aristocratic audiences or lower class audiences, had to do with a knight attempting to win the love of a woman of much higher class, by showing the depth of his character through acts of morality, nobility, and bravery. Allegory : An extended metaphor—where something is standing for something else. It is a depiction of a common theme. An allegory tells a story that has characters, setting, and other symbols that serve both a literal and figurative purpose and point out a theme about human life.
For Example, Piers Plowman or Everyman. Estates Satire : Represents the 3 estates, the clergy, the nobility, and everyone else.
It satirizes society with the purpose of presenting the flaws of something in an exaggerated way with the intent of drawing attention to create a solution for it. It examines society by groups based on class, occupation, function, status and other designations.
For Example: The Canterbury Tales. Middle English lyrics : A type of secular poetry. They were generally love poems although some were about social satire or the celebration of earth and humanity; they were very passionate and not about God.
The lyrics do not tell a long story not an epic, odyssey, ballad but rather about a single thought or image. I know I struggled with that one initially. So true about fantasy in medieval literature. I love the themes and how they did things back then. Then, Chaucer was a breeze for you. A lot of people I knew in college had a hard time with Chaucer and Shakespeare. I love them both so it was never an issue. I love the Middle Ages. And gothic architecture is my absolute favorite. I think the farther you can start back with English texts, the more it helps.
Though I did, because I felt bad. I was actually just joking and not trying to weasel out of the exam! So the moral is that Shakespeare makes Milton look easy. I love gothic architecture as well! We feel bad. While certain other countries are cooler with flaunting wealth. Chaucer inspired Shakespeare. What would you recommend for me given my particular taste in classic lit?
Gothic and Art Deco are my favorite types of architecture. And I love seeing pictures of European structures and cathedrals. The amount of detail they used and the time they spent makes modern architecture look slapped together.
I like old things, even cars. I think that has a lot to do with why builders have no quality control anymore. The houses I saw when I was buying my house were just thrown together.
This is a fantastic, persuasive post! My main issue is that classics and medieval literature can be so intimidating, and unless you know people who are well-versed, it can be so overwhelming just thinking about where to start.
Which begs the question: do you have any suggestions? The period that prompted this change in outlook is known as the Renaissance and it started in Italy. In contrast to the medieval outlook, the modern one was paradoxically based on the past, on the Classics.
The Renaissance was a period of transition between the Middle Ages and the Modern. On the other hand what those individuals lacked to take notice of was the significant contribution the Middle Ages brought into Western civilization. Education, philosophy, literature and humanism are prominent factors that have become a part of the sum of progress during this time. Scholars like John of Salisbury are known for their influence and contributions towards the development of human knowledge throughout the Middle.
Based on ancient urban planning literature, this paper summarizes the development of ancient cities before the Industrial Revolution, explores the consequences and challenges of the absence of formal urban planning. The first part of the paper focuses on the development. The central and original role of the monastic life can be drawn from the meanings of the words 'monk' and 'hermit'. The early monks and nuns were just that: men and women who fled the worldliness of urban life and the ethos of a church that was at the time.
The Gawain Poet: Places of the Imagination. Turville-Petre surveys the wide range of writings by the generation before Chaucer. He explores how English writers in the half-century leading up to the outbreak of the Hundred Years War expressed their concepts of England as a nation, and how they exploited the association between nation, people, and language.
The study forms a significant contribution to current debates on nationalism. If England at the turn of the century was not yet a nation, Turville-Petre shows that it was considerably more than a geographic locale. The importance of this volume should not be underestimated: it will deservedly find its place on the reference shelves of University libraries. November 15, at
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